Schematic explanation of cardiotocography: heart rate (A) is calculated from fetal heart motion determined by ultrasound, and uterine contractions are measured by a tocodynamometer (B). ĬTG monitoring can sometimes lead to medical interventions which are not necessarily needed. Up-to-date research is needed to provide more information surrounding this practice.
A review found that in the antenatal period (before labour), there is no evidence to suggest that monitoring women with high-risk pregnancies benefits the mother or baby, although research around this is old and should be interpreted with caution. ĬTG monitoring is widely used to assess fetal well-being by identifying babies at risk of hypoxia (lack of oxygen). The first commercial fetal monitor (Hewlett-Packard 8020A) was released in 1968.
Modern-day CTG was developed and introduced in the 1950s and early 1960s by Edward Hon, Roberto Caldeyro-Barcia and Konrad Hammacher. The machine used to perform the monitoring is called a cardiotocograph.įetal heart sounds were described as early as 350 years ago and approximately 200 years ago mechanical stethoscopes, such as the Pinard horn, were introduced in clinical practice.
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